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• Updated On 4.1.4

Blob Stores

Configuration

Blob Stores allow you to host internally managed static asset stores to handle very large files. The Blob Stores configuration file allows you to configure stores for assets with the corresponding information required by the store being used. To modify the Blob Stores configuration, click on from the bottom of the Sidebar, then click on Configuration and select Blob Stores from the list.

Sample

Here’s a sample Blob Stores Configuration file (click on the triangle on the left to expand/collapse):

Sample "blob-stores-config.xml"

CRAFTER_HOME/data/repos/sites/SITENAME/sandbox/config/studio/blob-stores-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
  ~ Copyright (C) 2007-2024 Crafter Software Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
  ~
  ~ This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
  ~ it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
  ~ the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
  ~ (at your option) any later version.
  ~
  ~ This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  ~ but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  ~ MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  ~ GNU General Public License for more details.
  ~
  ~ You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  ~ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
  -->

<!--
    Blob stores configuration file.

    For every store you need to specify:
    <blobStore>
        <id/>
        <type/>
        <pattern/>
        <mappings>
            <mapping>
                <publishingTarget/>
                <storeTarget/>
                <prefix/>
            </mapping>
        </mappings>
        <configuration/>
    </blobStore>

    id:	a unique id for the store
    type: the type of store to use
    pattern: the regex to match file paths
    mappings.mapping.publishingTarget: the name of the publishing storeTarget (preview, staging, live)
    mappings.mapping.storeTarget: the name of the storeTarget inside the store
    mappings.mapping.prefix: the prefix to use for all paths (optional)
    configuration: configuration specific for the store type

   Every store can require additional properties.
-->
<blobStores>
    <!--
      AWS S3 Store

      Configuration properties:

        <credentials>
            <accessKey/>
            <secretKey/>
        </credentials>
        <region/>
        <endpoint/>
        <pathStyleAccess/>

        credentials.accessKey: AWS access key (optional)
        credentials.secretKey: AWS secret key (optional)
        region: AWS region for the service (optional)
        pathStyleAccess: indicates if path style access should be used for all requests (defaults to false)
      -->

    <blobStore>
        <id>s3-store</id>
        <type>s3BlobStore</type>
        <pattern>^/static-assets(?!/(app|css|js|fonts|tracking|seo)/)(.*)</pattern>
        <mappings>
            <mapping>
                <publishingTarget>preview</publishingTarget>
                <storeTarget>${env:PREVIEW_BUCKET_NAME_PATTERN}</storeTarget>
                <prefix>${env:PREVIEW_BUCKET_PREFIX_PATTERN}</prefix>
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <publishingTarget>staging</publishingTarget>
                <storeTarget>${env:STAGING_BUCKET_NAME_PATTERN}</storeTarget>
                <prefix>${env:STAGING_BUCKET_PREFIX_PATTERN}</prefix>
            </mapping>
            <mapping>
                <publishingTarget>live</publishingTarget>
                <storeTarget>${env:LIVE_BUCKET_NAME_PATTERN}</storeTarget>
                <prefix>${env:LIVE_BUCKET_PREFIX_PATTERN}</prefix>
            </mapping>
        </mappings>
        <configuration>
            <region>us-east-1</region>
            <pathStyleAccess>${env:AWS_S3_PATH_STYLE_ACCESS}</pathStyleAccess>
            <endpoint>${env:AWS_S3_ENDPOINT}</endpoint>
        </configuration>
    </blobStore>

</blobStores>

where:

• The environment variables (env:VARIABLE_NAME) values are set in the crafter-setenv.sh file. See here for more information on environment variables used in serverless deployments

Remember to encrypt your credentials. For more information on how to manage/encode your secrets such as AWS credentials, please see Managing Secrets

For better security and control, we recommend setting an AWS profile via the crafter-setenv.sh file instead of configuring the encrypted credentials in the blob stores configuration file. This allows you to have an IAM user per developer, which is a better approach than a single user whose credentials are included (encrypted) in the configuration file. In this way, if you need to rotate or remove the credentials of a single user, the access of other users won’t be affected.

To set an AWS profile, using your favorite editor, open CRAFTER_HOME/bin/crafter-setenv.sh and add the following:

export AWS_PROFILE=YOUR_AWS_PROFILE

where YOUR_AWS_PROFILE is the AWS profile you wish to use for the blob store. See here for more information on configuring AWS profiles.

When using an AWS profile, you can now remove the <credentials /> section in your blob stores configuration file.

Remember to restart your CrafterCMS install for the changes you made to take effect.

Using AWS Service Roles

CrafterCMS supports AWS access without using access/secret keys, by setting AWS service roles on your machine

Simply follow the instructions here for attaching an IAM role to your instance: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/iam-roles-for-amazon-ec2.html#attach-iam-role

Remember to remove the <credentials /> section in your blob stores configuration file.

Publishing Assets from the Blob Stores

CrafterCMS supports managing assets in external storage through workflow and publishing mechanics. This allows uploading assets to an external storage for preview, that can then be published to either a live or a staging (depending on if staging is setup for your Crafter install) external storage, thus making the external assets available to delivery only after the assets have been published to the live external storage.

The external storage could be in the cloud, such as AWS S3 or some other storage solution that is outside of where CrafterCMS is installed.

Configuring the External Storage

First we’ll need to setup the external storage to be used by CrafterCMS. To setup an external storage for assets, open the Sidebar, then click on -> Configurations. Select Blob Stores from the dropdown and fill in the required information.

<blobStore>
  <id/>
  <type/>
  <pattern/>
  <mappings>
    <mapping>
      <publishingTarget/>
      <storeTarget/>
      <prefix/>
    </mapping>
  </mappings>
  <configuration/>
</blobStore>

To see more information on the Blob Stores configuration, see above

After setting up the Blob Stores configuration, you may now use the external storage for uploading using the various upload methods provided by Crafter Studio, and publishing to live or staging if it’s setup.

Example

Let’s take a look at an example of setting up an external storage for preview, staging and live and then uploading and finally publishing assets to the external storage we setup. In the example, we will use AWS S3 as the external storage and the Website Editorial blueprint in Crafter Studio to create our project.

Prerequisites:

1. Project created using the Website Editorial blueprint.

2. AWS S3 bucket/s. A single bucket can be used as long as all the publishingTarget uses a unique prefix, or a separate bucket can be created for each publishingTarget, or a combination of both.

   For our example, we will be using two buckets. One for authoring and another for delivery. The following buckets were setup in AWS S3: my-authoring-bucket for authoring (used by publishing target preview with the prefix sandbox and publishing target staging with the prefix staging) and my-deli-bucket for delivery.

Here are the steps:

1. Enable staging (optional)

2. Setup the blob store

3. Upload files

4. Publish the files to staging (if setup)

5. Publish the files into live

Let’s begin:

1. Enable Staging (optional)

This step is optional but for our example, we wanted to be able to publish to staging, so in this step, we will first enable staging. In your Studio, click on -> Configuration -> Project Configuration and set enable-staging-environment to true to enable staging

<published-repository>
    <enable-staging-environment>true</enable-staging-environment>
    <staging-environment>staging</staging-environment>
    <live-environment>live</live-environment>
</published-repository>

For more information on staging, see Configuring Publishing to Staging Target

2. Setup Blob Store

In your Studio, click on -> Configuration -> Blob Stores and fill in the required information to setup the S3 buckets for the preview, staging and live.

CRAFTER_HOME/data/repos/sites/sandbox/SITENAME/sandbox/config/studio/blob-stores-config.xml

<blobStores>
  <blobStore>
    <id>s3-default</id>
    <type>s3BlobStore</type>
    <pattern>/static-assets/item/.*</pattern>
    <mappings>
      <mapping>
        <publishingTarget>preview</publishingTarget>
        <storeTarget>my-authoring-bucket</storeTarget>
        <prefix>sandbox</prefix>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <publishingTarget>staging</publishingTarget>
        <storeTarget>my-authoring-bucket</storeTarget>
        <prefix>staging</prefix>
      </mapping>
      <mapping>
        <publishingTarget>live</publishingTarget>
        <storeTarget>my-delivery-bucket</storeTarget>
      </mapping>
    </mappings>
    <configuration>
      <credentials>
        <accessKey>xxxxxxxxx</accessKey>
        <secretKey>xxxxxxxxx</secretKey>
      </credentials>
      <region>us-west-1</region>
      <pathStyleAccess>true</pathStyleAccess>
    </configuration>
  </blobStore>
</blobStores>

where the highlighted items above refers to:

• pattern: the regex to match file paths (the path in Studio that when used will access the external storage, /static-assets/item/.* for our example above)

• mappings.mapping.storeTarget: the name of the storeTarget inside the store (AWS S3 buckets, my-authoring-bucket and my-deli-bucket for our example above)

• configuration: configuration specific for the store type (For AWS S3, it requires credentials to access the buckets)

Remember to encrypt your credentials. For more information on how to manage/encode your secrets such as AWS credentials, please see Managing Secrets

To see more information on the Blob Stores configuration, see above

3. Upload files

There are various ways to upload files in Crafter Studio. Here’s a few ways we can upload to the external storage:

1. Upload through a picker with corresponding data source setup in a content type

2. Upload using the Bulk Upload or Upload right-click option

Let’s take a closer look:

1. One way of uploading files is through the use of a picker (image, video, item selector) with its corresponding data source with the Repository Path property set to the pattern we defined in the Blob Stores configuration file.

   For our example, open the Page - Article content type by opening the Sidebar, then click on -> Content Types, then choose the template name Page - Article.

   In the Page - Article content type, notice that the Repository Path property of the Upload Image data source is set to: /static-assets/item/images/{yyyy}/{mm}/{dd}/, which falls into the file path pattern /static-assets/item/.* we setup in the Blob Stores configuration file

   

   Let’s change the image used in one of the articles in the project.

   From the Sidebar, navigate to /articles/2016/6 then right click on Coffee is Good for Your Health then select Edit.

   Scroll down to the Content section, then click on the Replace button next to the Image field, then select Upload Images. Select the file you want to upload. In our example, the file new1.png will be uploaded to static-assets/item/images/2020/03/27.

   
   
   

   After uploading the file, we should see it in the AWS S3 bucket for authoring my-authoring-bucket in the sandbox:

   

2. Next we’ll try uploading using the Upload right-click option.

   Open the Sidebar and navigate to static-assets/item. Create a folder named docs under item. Right click on the newly created folder and select Upload to upload a single file, or Bulk Upload to upload multiple files

   In the example below, two files were uploaded to the docs folder.

   
   
   

   When you upload files to the docs folder, the files get uploaded to the sandbox of the my-authoring-bucket previously setup.

   

5. Publish the files to staging

The next step in our example is to publish the files to staging. To publish a file to staging, navigate to the file in the Sidebar then right click on the file, and select Publish or open the Dashboard and select the file/s you want to publish to staging in the Unpublished Work widget and click on Publish from the context nav.

The Publish dialog will come up. Remember to select staging for the Publishing Target

When the file/s are published to staging, the files get published to the staging branch of the my-authoring-bucket in s3.

6. Publish the files to delivery

Finally, we’ll publish the file/s to live. To publish a file to live, navigate to the file in the Sidebar then right click on the file, and select Publish or open the Dashboard and select the file/s you want to publish to live in the Unpublished Work widget and click on Approve & Publish from the context nav.

The Publish dialog will come up. Remember to select live for the Publishing Target

When the file/s are published to live, the file/s get published to the my-deli-bucket in s3.

Setting up Staging for Existing Projects

When adding the staging publishing target to an established project that uses external storage, Studio does not clone the assets in external storage for live into staging. Performing a bulk publish to staging also does not work at this time. This is because Studio does not publish to staging, assets in a LIVE, UNEDITED state.

To sync the external storage for staging with live, you must copy the assets in the live external storage to the staging external storage.

Let’s take a look at an example of adding staging to an existing project.

Prerequisites:

1. Project created using the Website Editorial blueprint with external storage setup for live and assets already published to live (See example above for setting up external storage for a project. Remember to not setup staging as we will be doing it in this example)

2. AWS S3 bucket to be used by the staging publishing target. For our example, we will be using the bucket my-staging setup in AWS S3.

Here are the steps:

1. Enable staging in Studio

2. Setup the blob store in Studio

3. Copy assets in live to staging in external storage

Let’s begin:

1. Enable staging

   In your Studio, click on -> Configuration -> Project Configuration and set enable-staging-environment to true to enable staging

   <published-repository>
     <enable-staging-environment>true</enable-staging-environment>
     <staging-environment>staging</staging-environment>
     <live-environment>live</live-environment>
   </published-repository>
   

   
   

   For more information on staging, see Configuring Publishing to Staging Target

2. Setup Blob Store

   Setup staging in the Blob Store by adding the following to your Blob Stores configuration. In your Studio, click on -> Configuration -> Blob Stores and fill in the required information to setup the S3 bucket for staging.

   <mapping>
     <publishingTarget>staging</publishingTarget>
     <storeTarget>my-staging</storeTarget>
   </mapping>
   

   
   

   To see more information on the Blob Stores configuration, see above

3. Copy assets in live to staging in external storage

   In your AWS console, copy the contents of your delivery bucket

   
   
   

   Paste the copied content into the staging bucket my-staging

   
   
   

   The live and staging external storage is now synced.